Supply chain

npm Supply Chain Attack: chalk, debug, and 16 Other Packages Compromised

πŸ“… 2025-09-08 🏒 npm registry 🦠 Browser crypto wallet stealer (hooking window.ethereum, Solana APIs, fetch/XHR)
Primary Source β†—

Incident Details

On September 8, 2025, 18 widely used npm packages were compromised via an account takeover of maintainer ‘qix’. Affected packages collectively receive 2.6+ billion downloads per week. Malicious versions were live for approximately 2 hours before detection and removal. The malicious payload targeted browser-based crypto wallets by hooking web3 APIs to reroute transactions. CISA issued an advisory on September 23, 2025. The malicious code reached 1 in 10 cloud environments during the 2-hour window. A follow-on campaign ‘Shai-Hulud 2.0’ was identified in November 2025. Exemplary case of npm ecosystem account takeover via phishing and adversary-in-the-middle credential capture defeating TOTP-based MFA.

Technical Details

Initial Attack Vector
Phishing / adversary-in-the-middle attack against package maintainer 'qix' (Josh Junon): fake npm 2FA reset email (npmjs.help domain) captured username, password, and live TOTP code
Vendor / Product
npm registry
Software Package
chalk, debug, ansi-styles, strip-ansi, duckdb (18 packages total)
Malware Family
Browser crypto wallet stealer (hooking window.ethereum, Solana APIs, fetch/XHR)

Timeline

  1. 2025-09-08 Breach occurred
  2. 2025-09-08 Publicly disclosed