Supply chain
β Supply Chain
HIPAA Journal
Primary Source βIncident Details
The Cl0p ransomware group exploited CVE-2025-61882, a critical CVSS 9.8 zero-day unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability in Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS), beginning as early as August 9, 2025 β weeks before a patch was available. A second zero-day (CVE-2025-61884) was also exploited. Starting September 29, 2025, Cl0p launched a mass extortion campaign emailing victims from hundreds of compromised third-party accounts. Confirmed major victims include: University of Phoenix (~3.5 million individuals, data exfiltrated August 13-22, not detected until November 20); Dartmouth College (at least 1,494 individuals, attack August 9-12, claimed November 11); University of Pennsylvania; Wits University (South Africa); Harvard University. At least 3.6 million records were exposed across confirmed educational victims alone. Oracle released a patch on October 11, 2025. This campaign mirrors the 2023 MOVEit and GoAnywhere zero-day exploitation campaigns by Cl0p.
Technical Details
- Initial Attack Vector
- CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CVE-2025-61882 Oracle EBS unauthenticated RCE, CVSS 9.8)
- Vendor / Product
- Oracle E-Business Suite (Oracle Concurrent Processing)
- Software Package
Oracle E-Business Suite- CVE / GHSA References
- CVE-2025-61882 CVE-2025-61884
- Supply Chain Attack
- β Confirmed third-party / vendor compromise
Timeline
- 2025-08-09 Breach occurred
- 2025-11-11 Publicly disclosed
- 2025-11-21 Customers notified